4Tim_SOI


 * B. Speaking Out Internationally 104(7)TD2b **


 * 1. Introduction and Course Requirements **

Welcome to Speaking Out Internationally. You can contact me by email at timothy.darrington@cpe.fr however, I am not available 7/7 so do not expect an instantaneous reply.

Speaking Out Internationally gives you the opportunity to discuss international news and its implications for our lives in English. There is no lack of topics but the following give some idea of the scope of the course. - the European migrant crisis - the healthcare crisis - the Brexit and its consequences - the far right - the Arab spring - Combatting terrorism - military tensions in the world - the US election - the demise of the UN ? <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">- LGBT issues <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">- will the growth crisis continue indefinitely? <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">- Doping in sport

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">This is your course and you are the masters of the course. If you do nothing, not much will <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">happen and the whole thing will be a flop!

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">1. **This week** you must become members of the wikispace simonteach.wikispaces.com by <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">clicking on "join" and warning me by separate e-mail (please use same address). **Next** and **every** <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">sources) from an English journal/site/broadcaster, the reasons why you found this item interesting <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">and the discussion points it throws up by the **Friday** (23h59) of the week preceeding each class. <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Penalties will be applied to students who fail to post at a news item and an arising discussion <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">topic on the wikispace each Friday. <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">other students have posted, and to **react** (intelligently) to at least ONE of the topics posted by <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">another student. AGAIN students who fail to post an intelligent reaction every weekend will be <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">penalised. DO NOT attempt to predetermine your response(s) with another student - this is <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">neither intelligent, nor acceptable - If I detect such behaviour I will penalise students involved.
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">week **<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">, you have to put a link to a news item (can be written, spoken or video - but vary the
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Then **<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">, by the **Sunday** (23h59) of the week preceeding the class, you need to have **read** all that the

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">classes will take the form of debates, speaking in pairs and groups, quizzes, listening exercises <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">and other interactive types of communication. You are the prime movers in your learning, so <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">think, be active and be creative! Also keep a list of new vocabulary (new to you) as there will be a <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">short vocabulary test in the last class. The wiki and the participation in class will make up 50% of <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">your final grade.
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Students are expected to bring a laptop to class **<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> to facilitate research and discussion and

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">2. **Secondly**, everyone will make a short oral presentation based on an ongoing news story and <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">lead the class into an intelligent discussion (or activity) about the issues this news story raises. <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">The question should not be simply "What do you think about this?" but push classmates to make <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">an in-depth analysis of the issue and to propose solutions in the real world. There is no absolute <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">requirement to use Power Point. Your activity must be fun and very interactive, and there will be <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">marks not only for the presentation, but the quality of the discussion which follows. This will <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">make up 25% of your final grade.

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">3. **Finally**, you are to write a short article (~600 words), on a topic other than your own present- <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">ation, like a "leader comment" in a newspaper about one international problem, your insights and <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">the way forward that you propose. This report will be worth 25% of your final grade. Please hand <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">in only paper copies of your leader and (a copy of) your vocab. list (see 1. above) by 12th <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">December.

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Have fun writing your posts in English !

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Tim


 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 13pt;">2. Wiki for Speaking Out Internationally **


 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Posted on the 27th September 2016 by Tim **

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Hello everybody! You should write your posts HERE (i.e. just after this one)

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Enjoy,

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Tim


 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Posted on the 6th October by Mathilde : **

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Hi everyone, I have an article about a new cure of HIV, found on The Independent ! <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">[|http://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/home-news/british-man-hiv-aids-medical-trial-breakthrough-cured-a7341801.html#commentsDiv] <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Have a good reading :)


 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Posted on the 7th Octobre by Sibylle **

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">I’ve put an article from The guardian, it speaks about the law of abortion in Poland. I’ve chosen it because I’m feeling concerned about it. I think women should have the same rights than men and it’s not true in Poland as many other countries (even in France). Can you imagine to keep a baby of a rape or not choose if you want keep a baby with a handicap? The church and the government decide for woman’s bodies. Women have to continue their fight.

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Good reading, <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Sibylle

<span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">[]


 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Posted on the 10th Octobre by Megan **

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Comment on Sybille's article. <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">I think that the freedom of decision over our own body is essential and I'm chocked that women must nowadays suffer decisions made by others, especially if these people are men and it's about giving life. It's a part of liberties that should not be disscussed any further. Moreover, raising a child is a huge work with a lot of responsabilities and big costs especially if he is disabled. On the other hand, I understand that measures are required when there is a extinction of the human race risk. However, sexual discriminations are not only reserved for reproduction stuff. That means there is still much to be done for sexual equality

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">I think it is an amazing invention. Because the most difficult problem humanity is facing today is pollution, which is a very serious problem causing global warming and the expansion of the ozone hole. these Phenomenons have serious repercussions on human life affecting food and water sources, as well as the levels of water on eath. Therefor we must find a midle ground between air purification and industrial pollution in order to protect our Earth.
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Comment : **

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Omar


 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Posted on the 7th October by Robinson **

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">This sunday will be one of the most important event in US presidential election. In this article, you can learn how the two candidates prepare themselves for this debate. I think this is interesting because we don't have these kind of debates in France (with the voters). Indeed, it doesn't focus on the political or economic questions that may be asked during the show, but more on the image Mr.Trump and Mrs.Clinton will show to the audience. Did you know all about this strategic issue ? <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Enjoy your reading! <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Robinson

<span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">[]


 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Posted on the 7th October by Megan **

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Enjoy discovering the "Smog Vacuum" through this article from the Huffingtonpost. It's about a machine that could catch smog particules in the atmosphere and compact them to create small "jewels". I've found it interesting because i'm really concerned by the big problem of the pollution of our planet. Moreover, I've found original to recycle waste in something beautiful such as gems. After reading this paper, I've asked myself if we must restrict developing countries concerning their pollution production or if we must focus our efforts on developing new way to purify air.

<span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">[]


 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Posted on the 7th October by Anais **

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">I found this article on The Guardian, it’s about artificial intelligence. The journalist presents a new type of artificial intelligence which purpose is taking care of children when their parents are not here. Even if it could appear to be innovate, there are huge moral and ethics problems. There is more and more parents who “delegate” their duty to iPad and computers (internet). And now there are robots as babysitters. I chose this article because I think it's important to always be careful with new technologies even though it’s essential in our era. <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Enjoy reading ! <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Anais

<span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">[]


 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Posted on the 8th October by Tim **

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Thank you to Sibylle, Robinson, Megan and Anaïs for these interesting posts. Others can still post and all should have a quick look at the articles. Of course you can always post a video report (oral news).

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">See you on Monday

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Tim


 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Posted on the 9th October by Thibault **

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">I found this article on the BBC website. It talks about the limit of the human life. It deals with the countries in which you have the oldest people in the world and about the studies that have been done in the field of the human ageing. This article explain that the human race will not be able to exceed 115 years because we have not evolved to live to extreme ages. It was very interesting to see that our ageing process is very complex and has a limit. <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Enjoy your reading ! <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Thibault

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">http://www.bbc.com/news/health-37552116


 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Posted on the 11th October by Tim **

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">I editted this in class.

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">I really like Thibault's article: I saw the live broadcast on the BBC on our max 115 years.


 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Posted on the 10th October by Lucie (article from last friday) **

<span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">[]

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">This article is about civil war in Yemen. Hide behind crisis in Syria, ISIS etc., people doesn't heard much about it... War is everywhere in today's world. How can we looking for some humanity down there ?

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">This is an interesting article about a totally unknown conflict. A was not aware about it at all. It's distressing to see that western countries help populations only when they have something to gain. Unfortunatly that's not new...
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Comment on Lucie's article by Paul: **

__<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Comment about Sibylle's article: __

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">The situation in Poland about abortion reflected a huge problem. Many politics in Europe and in the USA have extreme opinions concerning abortion and it create a lot of riot. I hope these women in Poland will be heard, and that it can make people be awake !


 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 12.5pt;">Posted on the 10th October by Noor **

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10.5pt;">Hey everybody! Here is a link to an article in The New York Times which talks about the archaeological reconstructions made inside the Colosseum in Rome of important historical sites that were destroyed by ISIS in the war in Iraq and Syria. I found this article extremely interesting because what we often tend to forget during a war is that, not only million of lives of humans are lost, but the historical damages done are also irreparable. In this war, a whole nation is being destroyed because a huge part of a nation's identity comes from its cultural and religious history. When these fundamental things are also deliberately destroyed, that nation gets robbed of its very existence and identity. In this sense, reconstructing the artifacts and sites is an extremely honorable and important step in keeping the Syrian and Iraqi nations' identity alive.

<span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10.5pt;">[]

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 12.5pt;">That's totally true. The same thing occured in Tombouctou a few years ago. I guess it's now considered as a war crime. A few months ago, there was a discussion about art objects "stolen" by France to former colonies. The matter was to give these objects back to their country of origin. From my point of view the stakes are the same. Art is part of a country's culturen and identity.
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Comment on Noor's article by Paul: **


 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Comment on Anais's article: **

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">I find this idea of robots taking care of children, be it for a few hours or the whole day, extremely disturbing. A child is like a blank piece of paper and it learns, understands and retains whatever it sees in its surroundings. If from an early age we make children get used to having robots instead of human beings around them, I fear to think of what may become of our future generations. I think one detail the inventors failed to notice was that the planet Earth is inhabited by human beings and not robots, and that a child needs to have a healthy and interactive environment in which to grow in, an environment that can be provided only by human beings. A robot does not have the sensitivities or reflexes that a human being does, naturally, and it only does what it has been fed to do. Thus, a growing child will be deprived not only of natural conversation and gestures but also of learning and recognizing things such as facial emotions and other many small things that constitute our day to day interaction with others. In short, the whole notion of using robots to keep children 'company' scares me and I am absolutely against the idea.


 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Posted on the 7th October by Omar: **

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">I have chosen an article from France24, talking about the Hurricane Matthew that tore through Haiti on Tuesday. I've Chosen this article because I'm always left speechless by the incapacity of mankind when facing nature, and the repercussions these natural disasters have on the human, material and economical levels. So do people have to live in areas with very high risks of natural disasters? Or is there any alternative to living a normal life in these areas?

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Good reading,

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Omar <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">[]


 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Commented on the 9th October by Elise : **

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">I think people should not be able to live in areas with very high risk of natural disasters. Indeed, this is not the first time that high-risk countries like Haiti are affected by disasters : a tsunami in 2004 killed more than 220,000 dead and missing. Moreover, these countries affected by disasters are often poor countries that have few means and resources. For me, the world and many international organizations like the United Nations, UNICEF must continue to help these countries also from the human point of view, physical and economic. For example, they should send food or doctors to cure many diseases such as cholera.


 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Posted on the 7th October by Elise : **

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">This is an article from the Guardian about the latest natural disaster in Haiti. The hurricane Matthew causes a lot of damage. The UN described the hurricane as Haiti’s worst humanitarian crisis since the devastating earthquake six years ago. How european and global organizations can help the <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">people devastated by the hurricane ?

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Good reading <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">[]


 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Comment on Elise's article by Mathilde : **

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">The current status of this population is disastrous. It underwent the earthquake six years ago. Today, it is still in misery versus nature that is more powerful than man and what he has built. There are some material damage but also phychological. What will happen to the thousands of people? How long will this situation last ? They have lost everything again. Sanitary matters add significant weight. Cholera could again hit the population. <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Unfortunately, we note that it is always the poorest populations which are most affected by the most severe natural disasters. And we quickly forget these people in misery, even if our country comes to their aid. We don’t measure the chance to live comfortably in a rich country.


 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Posted on 12th October by Anais **

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Hi everyone, this video will may be awkward or embarrassing to you because it's a taboo topic (I apologize). But this is exactly the kind of subject we should all be aware of, men and women, in every country. The menstruations are part of women's lifes and it's shouldn't be "hidden" and underestimated. I also chose this video because it deals with "natural things". Lots of people think that many things are natural (traditionnal) such as sexual orientation, give birth, menstruations, nuclear family ... but that's no longer the case in our era and it creates many tensions.

<span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">[]


 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Posted on 12th October by Mathilde : **

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Hi ! This week, I've choosen to share a headline from BBC on line about US elections. <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">While the American presidential campaign is at the heart of all the public attention, Donald Trump accumulates the controversial remarks. He says almost intolerable things about human rights and can sometimes have obscene words. He shows himself under new day. To me, he doesn't inspire confidence to be at the head of the United States. <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">In less than a month of elections, how will he bounce back from these events? What do you think about the situation and about him ?

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">http://www.bbc.com/news/election-us-2016-37628345


 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Comment on Mathilde's article by Paul: **

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Trump continues to make the show ! He is an awsome actor. It's a shame that these elections represent a little bit more than a sitcom...


 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Posted on 14th October by Sibylle **

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">hello, Alice Klein has written this article about a futiristic greenhouse from the new scientist. It speaks about how to plant vegetables without pesticides, soil, fossil fuels or groundwater. Indeed, this production only uses sunshine and seawater which cleans and sterilizes the air. Scientists are researching an other way to cultivate food. This is very interesting because, the goal is to reduce energy and fresh water. It is a futuristic farm nevertheless; it needs somewhere with sun as deserts. We have to thinking about new methods to make food because there are more and more people on the Earth and fewer and fewer food.

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">https://www.newscientist.com/article/2108296-first-farm-to-grow-veg-in-a-desert-using-only-sun-and-seawater/


 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Posted on 14th October by Lucie **

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">http://www.nytimes.com/2016/10/14/arts/music/bob-dylan-nobel-prize-literature.html?action=click&contentCollection=Books&module=RelatedCoverage®ion=Marginalia&pgtype=article

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">This is an article from //The New York Time// about the Nobel prize of literature 2016 : Bob Dylan. He is the first musician to win this award and it is a revolutionary choice which redefines boundaries of literature. Despite Bob Dylan wrote a lot of songs influenced by poets as Arthur Rimbaud, Paul Verlaine and Ezra Pound; the literati didn't appreciate that Dylan won the Nobel prize. The debate is firing social network : was this choice appropriate ? <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">On my own, I think Dylan deserves his reward because he is much more than a songwriter. His lyrics are real poetry and a great part of his work relieves of engaged literature.

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">If you are interested by this subject, I invite you to listen this podcast :

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">http://www.nytimes.com/2016/10/15/arts/music/bob-dylan-nobel-prize-podcast.html

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Enjoy the reading,

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Lucie


 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Posted on 14th October by Noor **

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">I wanted to share this New York Times blog with you. It is a reported blog from conflicts in different parts of the world which gives an insight into the combatants lives at the fault lines as well the civilians who live through the these conflicts. I think this blog gives an interesting and important insight into those people's lives about whom we get to hear very little, even though they are the main actors and victims of the conflict. Thus,I find that it is essential for us to be aware of what these people go through at a daily basis and get to see a different side of the picture than the one that is portrayed by the media. I hope you like reading these 'Notes from the Front Lines'.

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">http://atwar.blogs.nytimes.com/


 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Comment about Noor's article by Omar (16th October) **

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10.5pt;">It's a very interesting blog, that give us an inside point of view of the war, and of the human damages that it causes. The blog also highlights some truths that today's media usually decide to hide from the public or refuse to condemn.

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10.5pt;">Amghar Omar.


 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Posted on the 14th October by Elise **

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">I wanted to share this article from the Guardian with you. It is an article about the global warming. A worldwide deal has been reached to limit the use of greenhouse gases far more powerful than carbon dioxide in a major effort to fight climate change. Last Saturday, an agreement was announced and 100 countries will reduce the use of Hydrofluorocarbons in a gradual process beginning in 2024. Do you think other actor like market forces will help speed up the limits agreed to in the deal ? Are you interested in the environnemental causes and the global warming ?

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Enjoy the reading

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2016/oct/15/climate-change-environmentalists-hail-deal-to-limit-use-of-hydrofluorocarbons


 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Comment about Elise's article by Thibault (16th October) **

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">This article was very interesting. We all have to feel concerned about the global warming. This is a threat for the entire planet and this is great to ear some good news like this agreement. The CO2 emissions are only a small part of the damages we are causing to our planet. We must all be aware of the little time left to fight against global warming and that we have to convice the leaders of the market that hydrofluorocarbons are a hazard for our future.


 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Posted on the 15th October by Thibault **

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">This is an article from the Huffington Post about the Alzheimer disease. <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Reseachers found out how to stop the Alzheimer disease by modifying the genetic makeup of the virus. They tried it on mouses at first and it was a success. The development of the disease has stopped without any brain damages for the patient. I was very interested about this article because this disease has affected some of my relatives. This is great news for research against this disease. We can still wonder if this could be achievable for humans.

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Enjoy the reading, <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">http://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/entry/researchers-have-successfully-stopped-alzheimers-developing-in-mice_uk_5800aa0be4b0ee33521226f4?utm_hp_ref=uk

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Thibault


 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Posted on the 15th October by Megan **

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Comment on Thibault's article about the Alzheimer disease. <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">I would like to clarify that this disease is not causing by a virus. It's an amyloid plaques accumulation. Those plaques are causing inflammations which are causing neuronal death. They are made of insoluble AB peptide that is resulting from a bad cleavage of the APP protein (Amyloid Protein Precursor). This cleavage is normally done by an enzyme : the a-secretase. For affected patients, there is an overproduction of this protein that saturate the a-secretase. Consequently, the b-secretase and the g-secretase (two other enzymes) help it to cleave APP proteins. The problem is that they cleave it in the wrong way. The AB petide resulting is bigger than normally and is not soluble so it aggregates in amyloid plaques. I think that reserachers should try to find why is the APP overproducted or the a-secretase is less producted instead of trying to test OGMs that could generate other problems in the long term. Moreover, this explanation is controversial because we have observed that some normal elderly people have amyloid plaques in their brain. Furthermore, minor constituents have been found in amyloid plaques that could fix neuron such as the E-apolipoprotein. Maybe the crux of the issue was not what we thougt.


 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Posted on the 16th October by Paul **

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Hi every body ! here is a pretty interesting article about relations between Israel and the UN. <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Enjoy your reading !

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/middle_east/israel-suspends-cooperation-with-un-cultural-agency-over-jerusalem-resolution/2016/10/14/5f85cbb4-922f-11e6-9c85-ac42097b8cc0_story.html


 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Posted on the 15th October by Megan **

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">This is a sad day... again ! Around 55 people were killed in Iraq in attacks on Saturday that targeted a Shia Muslim gathering, a police check-point and the family of a Sunni paramilitary leader opposed to Islamic State. You can find more informations in this article from the Timesofindia and you can also read other articles linked in it. Sometimes, I ask myself what if people used their destructive energy to build or to create ? How could we stop those mass murders ?

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/world/middle-east/Suicide-bombing-shootouts-kill-around-55-in-Iraq-Police/articleshow/54867696.cms


 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Comment about Noor's article by Lucie (15th October) **

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">This blog is very interesting. I agree with you about the fact that it is important to have an inside view of the army instead of information reported by medias.


 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Comment about Mathilde's article by Anais (16th October) **

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">I think this article is quite interesting and it shows Trump's mistakes and his wrong thoughts during his campaign. This man is not good for presidency, but he has still 40% of the voters. On the other hand, Clinton has also made mistakes, remember the private emails who had lead to the death of two soldiers in Lybia. All of this reminds me french election with the FN. Like if we Incan't have anyone reliable as a president.

<span style="color: #333333; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt;">BAGHDAD: Around 55 people were killed in Iraq in attacks on Saturday that targeted a Shia Muslim gathering, a police check-point and the family of a Sunni paramilitary leader opposed to Islamic State, according to security and medical sources. <span style="color: #333333; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt;">The escalation comes as Iraqi forces are getting ready to launch an offensive to take back Mosul, the last Iraqi city still under control of Islamic State, in northern Iraq. <span style="color: #333333; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt;">The heaviest toll was caused by a <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt;">[|suicide bomber] <span style="color: #333333; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt;">who detonated an explosive vest in the middle of a Shia gathering in Baghdad, killing at least 41 people and wounding 33. <span style="color: #333333; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt;">The explosion went off inside a tent filled with people taking part in Shia Ashura rituals, which mourn the killing of <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt;">[|Prophet Mohammed] <span style="color: #333333; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt;">'s grandson Hussein in the 7th century. <span style="color: #333333; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt;">Islamic State claimed the attack in an online statement. <span style="color: #333333; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt;">Some people were also in the tent to mourn the death of a local resident, authorities said. The tent was set up in a crowded market in the city's northern <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt;">[|al-Shaab] <span style="color: #333333; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt;">district. <span style="color: #333333; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt;">Gunmen believed to belong to Islamic State, a Sunni group, earlier in the day staged two attacks north of Baghdad, one targeting a police check-point and the other the house of a Sunni militia chief who supports the government, police sources said. <span style="color: #333333; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt;">Eight policemen were killed and 11 others wounded in the first attack which took place Mutaibija, south of the city of the city of Tikrit, while the militants had three dead in their ranks. <span style="color: #333333; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt;">In the second, the wife and three children of Numan al-Mujamaie, the leader of the Ishaqi Mobilization militia, were killed when gunmen stormed his house in the town of Ishaq in his absence. <span style="color: #333333; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt;">The assailants fled, chased by security forces, and later killed themselves by detonating explosive belts, police said.
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Comment about Thibaut's article by Sibylle (16th October) **

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">This article is very interesting, it shows that scientific progress evolves day by day and it is comforting. There are results on mouse and hoping maybe one day on humans.


 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Comment about Megan's article by Noor (16th October) **

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">It is extremely terrifying to see what human beings are capable of doing to one another for power and control. It is hard to imagine that these people who have been brain washed and made into killing machines were once normal human beings just like you and me. Not even an ounce of humanity is left in them and to see to what extent they are capable of taking the ideology of one or more leaders is absolutely appalling. Even more appalling is the control that these people have over them and the ease with which they are creating such monsters. I really wonder what goes through their minds and what is it that makes them believe that what they are doing is right.


 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Comment about Sibylle's article by Elise (16th October) **

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">This article is very futuristic and promising. Indeed, nowadays it's important to use ecological processes and less energy-consuming. To produce food thanks to systems using renewable energy sources will increase the futur. I think, that the domain of the ecology and the development of new production processes more planet friendly is rapidly growing. In fact, the earth is more and more polluted and must be preserved in good one state. This domain interests me particularly.


 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Posted on the 21th October by Thibault **

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">I found this article on the Hufington Post. This article is about a conference done by the astrophysician Stephen Hawking in the Cambridge University. It deals with the future of the AI, is it going to help us or kill us ? This is a very interesting subject which complete the Anais presentation. He says that we should do more researches concerning the cohabitation between humans and AI in the future. This technology can help us as much as destroy us and that's why we have to think about it. We have to think about our future history and how we want it to become. Do you think that it's a good idea to plan our future ? Do you think that we will be able to live with robots ? <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Enjoy your reading ! <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">http://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/entry/stephen-hawking-ai-will-be-either-the-best-or-worst-thing-to-happen-to-humanity_uk_58089011e4b096d12147e4bd?ir=UK+Tech&utm_hp_ref=uk-tech


 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Comment on the 23rd October on Thibault's article by Mathilde : **

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">After the presentation of Anais last week, it is interesting to read this article, I agree. It answers some of our questions. I think this is a very good initiative to create an interdisciplinary community of researchers to know the risks ans benefits of the AI. This will allow to see how far can go the AI and especially if our life is compatible with. To me, the robots can not take over Man. We are smart enough to put a limit to this. A computer has no way of life for me, it is impossible that the robots take over humanity. The robots can be used to help Man as we have seen, they must exist only within this framework. If laws are created to define the limits of use, we will be able to live with robots.


 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Posted on the 21th October by Omar **

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">I found this video on the Hufington Post. This article is about what Donald Trump said in a conference about the musulman. For him, americain muslim should'nt vote for elect thier own president just because they are muslim. And this is completely absurd. He use the image of musulman ( and confusion it with terrorism ) to attract people who have a grudge for the terrorist and support his idea about repress and repulse "none american" outwards america.

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">http://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/courting-the-muslim-vote_us_580104dde4b0809a98a1ac30?section=§ion=us_video


 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Posted on the 21st October by Megan **

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">I want to share with you this article about the king of Thailand's death. Rama IX died at 89. He was the oldest leader at present. He was particullary concerned on the development of disadvantaged areas. His people thougt him wise and considered him as a demigod. He was very respected and a lot of people mourned his death. His son will succeeed him. Last week, we talked about people's feeling from different political regimes.

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">http://edition.cnn.com/2016/10/13/asia/thai-king-bhumibol-adulyadej-dies/


 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Comment on Megan's article by Paul ( Posted on 24th October) **

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">A very complete article in which we understand the link unifying the king and his people. It's intesresting to discover over working ways of governance. It's also curious for us, frenches, to see people loving their leader, isn't it ?


 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Posted on the 21th October by Sibylle **

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">This week, I also selected a video that shows us the first team of medical Street in New York helping some homeless. It must be so hard to be alone and to live in hard conditions in the street. We don’t know the experiences of these people, maybe they had a real situation before and we can’t judge them. Moreover, life is very expensive in the United States and access to medicines is not easy, as in France. This team also provide social support. I am pleased to see this kind of action exist or create. We must stick together.

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">http://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/nycs-first-medical-street-team-huffpost-rise_us_58054892e4b05e1878f491c7s


 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Comment on Sibylle's article by Megan ( Posted on 23rd October) **

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">I'm really glad to see a good news and especially one which is giving faith in goodness of people. To be homeless is really difficult and it's not easy to cope. That's a huge problem that is concerning all countries. We're very lucky to have a roof, something to eat and to wear. A central pillar of humanity is to be able to give hand to someone else. Maybe we need to relearn how to share and how it is important.


 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Posted on the 21th October by Anais **

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">This article from The New York Times is about corruption in China's government. It shows different case of corrupted Communist Party members who were involved in traffic. Those who were interviewed showed remorse and could not tell how they got here. They were miser and could'nt stop themselves even if it was forbidden. I chose this article because I really like China but I think there are lot of injustices especially social ones. The gap between rich and poor is huge and when the government is implied it's worse.

<span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">[]


 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Posted on the 21st October by Noor **

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">This is an article from Aljazeera about the Indian military crackdown in Indian occupied Kashmir and the consequences of their use of gun pellets against the Kashmiri protesters. In the past few months, the violence and protests have escalated following the killing of a popular rebel commander in July by Indian soldiers. The Kashmir conflict is a territorial conflict between India and Pakistan.

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">http://www.aljazeera.com/indepth/features/2016/09/doctors-treating-kashmiris-blinded-pellets-160927053126837.html


 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Comment about Noor's article by Paul (24th October) **

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">So dreadfull that a government authorize such violence. We don't hear a lot of kashmire in common news any more. The subject seems to remain sensitive, i'll fallow it more particularly.


 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Posted on the 21st October by Lucie **

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/gallery/2016/oct/15/the-20-photographs-of-the-week

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">This week I choose to post "The 20 photographs of the week" by //The// //Guardian// because I think that photographs are a good support to have a global view of what happened in the world. <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Judged by yourselves and have a nice week end.


 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Comment about Lucie's article by Elise (23rd October) **

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Through photographs we can see the different current World Disasters : Hurricane Mattew in Haiti, floods in north carolina, migrants in the Mediterranean, the war in Syria, conflicts, .. The photos aren't positive. Thanks to the photos, we can became conscious of all problems in the world. In Europe and in France, we are spare and we don't realize how lucky we are to live in a country without problems of this magnitude. Unfortunately, I find that the photographer is not positive enough. There is no picture showing the world peace or different progress towards a better world but it shows the state of our world.

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">https://www.theguardian.com/world/2016/oct/22/we-might-abolish-the-death-penalty-in-20-years-he-jiahong-on-justice-in-china
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Posted on the 22st October by Paul **

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Here is an article about death panalty in China. It's a shame that number of execution remains a state secret in this country. According to Amnisty, at least 1 634 people were executed in 2015, in the world, and more than 20 000 people were still on death row at the end of 2015.


 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Posted on the 22nd October by Elise **

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">This is an article about the cyber attacks which hit Twitter and Paypal. Cyber attacks targeting a little known internet infrastructure company, Dyn, disrupted access to dozens of websites on Friday, preventing some users from accessing PayPal, Twitter and Spotify. The websites said they didn't know who was responsible for the outages. Do you have idea to fight cyber attacks ? I think it will have more and more attacks.

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">http://www.france24.com/en/20161022-wave-cyber-attacks-hit-twitter-paypal


 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Posted on the 22nd October by Mathilde **

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">This week, I have chosen an article about the closure of the Calais's "Jungle". This french hot topic is explained in bbc online. From Monday, the 10000 migrants will be offered placements in refugee centers across the country. What do you think about this move ? Is it the beginning of a new life and an integration in France for them ?

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">http://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-37733794


 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Comment about Mathilde's article by Omar **

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">I am agree with you. These people leave their own home to take refuge in France because their living conditions was no longer bearable. And the act of France government did will offer them a new beginning.


 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Comment about Lucie's article by Sibylle **

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">These photographs are extremely rich in emotion. It's crazy to see what's happening in other countries while we go to school all days. We are lucky to be here. <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Ps : These fishs are so ugly and weird.


 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Comment about Lucie's article by Anais **

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Like Sibylle said, that photographs are intense and not in the good way. There are too many photographs of wars, natural disasters, conflicts, immigration issues... just some pictures about random facts, but there isn't any one about real peace, mutual aid, hapiness...It says much about the state of our world.


 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Comment about Elise's article by Lucie **

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">I agree with you, it will have more and more cyber attacks. And I think that because of huge improvement of technologies, situations will be totally out of control. Cyber attacks seem to be a great threat for the world. It is very hard to find a way to fight these kinds of attacks.


 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Posted on the 23rd October by Robinson **

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">This article deals with the military budget in EU. Member states think about spending 4 billion euro in military research.Of course, some people disagree with this decision, saying the EU just wants to compete with the US in terms of arm trade. <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Personnaly, I don't think this is a good idea to spend so much money when the repercussions of the Brexit are just beginning.We should keep these billions to solve economic problems, thats why EU was made for.

<span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">[]


 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Comment about Robinson's article by Thibault **

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">I agree with you that we shouldn't spend all this money for military researches. One of our principal threat right now is the terrorism but we need weapons less conventional than guns. We need this money to investigate and anitcipate those threats.


 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Posted on the 30th October by Anais **

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">I put the chart I saw on French medias owners. I was wrong when I said that like in Britain one person owns every medias. In fact, there are several owners but some of them own more than one newspaper. You can see on this chart that all of them are big family (or not) firm like L'Oréal, Dassault, LVMH whom first business is not medias but they want to extend their activity. We can tell without any doubt that money control the medias, but I know the press need money to print their papers. Some medias like Le Canard Enchainé and Charlie Hebdo live without advert but sometime they suffer from that independence. I think we have to create an ethics charter to insure the independence between journalist and owners.

<span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">[]


 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Posted on 30th October by Megan **

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">I choose to share with you an article/video clip from the abcnews about the Italian Earthquake. It was last Sunday near Norcia and it was 6,6 magnitude earthquake. What could we do to help vitcims ?

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">http://abcnews.go.com/International/66-magnitude-earthquake-rocks-central-italy/story?id=43170177


 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Posted on 31th October by Tim **

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Thanks to Anaïs for the chart of French media owners. Here is the list of who owns the British newspapers: <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_newspapers_in_the_United_Kingdom

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">On a lighter note I thought you might like this article from the Newyorker: <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">http://www.newyorker.com/humor/borowitz-report/queen-offers-to-restore-british-rule-over-united-states

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">See you next Monday, (7th November).


 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Posted on 1st November by Megan **

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Have you ever asked yourself if your pet is dreaming ? Here is an article from techtimes to answer to this question. A Medical team from Harvard did researches and found that our pets are dreaming about hunting, hissing, pouncing and about.... us ! Next question is : do animals have a self-consciousness ? <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">http://www.techtimes.com/articles/183351/20161022/your-dog-is-likely-dreaming-about-you-says-harvard-psychologist.htm


 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Comment on Megan's article by Omar (6 th november) : **

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">I like your post, i never asked my self but i saw one day in facebook a video of a kitten bustle about dream and his mother cuddle him. So i think pet dream. And for the second question i think animals have a self-consciousness because we can show a lot of animal do a smart thing (elephants draws, monkeys count ...). And i saw also monkey recognize themselves front of mirror and thats concluded about self-conscuousness of animals.


 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Comment on Megan's article by Sibylle: **

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">If you have a pet, you know there is a special link with your pet. I'm not surprise about this article because a pet can feel and understand your different feelling, if you are sad, happy or angry. I strongly believe that animals have a self-consciousness.


 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Posted on 3rd November by Noor **

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">I'd like to share this article taken from Aljazeera which gives an interesting and different insight into the Israel-Palestine conflict. I found it interesting because it gives another perspective to that part of History,when the Ottoman empire was divided and the colonial powers got to pick and choose the lands they wanted under their control. A small extract from the article:

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">'British and French mandates were extended over divided Arab entities while Palestine was granted to the Zionest movement a year later, when Balfour conveyed the British government's promise, sealing the fate of Palestine to live in perpetual war and turmoil. <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">The idea of Western 'peacemakers' and 'honest-brokers', who are very much a party in every Middle Eastern conflict, is not new. British betrayal of Arab aspirations goes back many decades. They used the Arabs as pawns in their Great Game against other colonial contenders, only to betray them later on, while still casting themsleves as friends bearing gifts.'

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">http://www.aljazeera.com/indepth/features/2016/11/britain-destroyed-palestinian-homeland-161102054348710.html


 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Comment about Noor's article by Paul **

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">It's pretty interesting to understand the details of the creation of the Israelian state. It's incredible how the collapse of the Ottoman Empire had been foreseen and prepared by western countries and how population were not taken into account.


 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Posted on 4th November by Lucie **

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">http://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-37845265

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Here is a fact about the 12 years old girl made famous because she was on the first page of __National Geographic__ in 1984. She became a symbol of refugees and now she is in trouble with Pakistani´s authorities. <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">It is interessant to heard some news about her and dreadful to see that migrants have to spend their all life fighting for their freedom.


 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Posted on 4th November by Omar **

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Hi, <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">I find this video/article in France 24, it's about the climate change and the cop 21. I found it interesting because that's concerns us directly and that makes me happy <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">when i saw the authority give a real interest to global warming and try to resolve the problem.

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">http://m.france24.com/en/20161104-paris-climate-change-deal-environment-france-cop21


 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Comment about Omar's article by Elise **

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">I think it is very important to raise awareness about global warming. Indeed, it is not without consequences for our planet. If nobody fight against global warming, tropical islands are threatened with extinction, many cities like New York, Miami, Tokyo and Amsterdam could be below the level of the sea. In addition to humans, animals are also in danger: one species in six could disappear. The Great Barrier Reef is also endangered. So it's mandatory that authority give a real interest to global warming and must try to resolve this problem.


 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Posted on 5th November by Sibylle **

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Hi, this article explains us the outcome of cigarettes on our body. I am a smoker and it is frightening to know that we developp 150 DNA mutations in every lung cell every year. I would like to stop to smoke nevertheless it is very difficult because it's an addiction drug.

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">http://www.bbc.com/news/health-37849000

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Maybe you'll be reassured to know that natural oxidative DNA damages arise at least 10 000 times per cell per day in humans. It relativized the 150 DNA mutations causes by cigarettes. However, smoking is obviously dangerous for Health and I'm encouraging you to stop it. If you want more informations about biochemistry, biology, and mutations, please take a look at this following link : https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mutation#Spontaneous_mutation
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Comment about Sibylle'article by Megan **


 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Posted on the 5th November by Elise **

<span style="font-family: -apple-system-font,serif; font-size: 9pt;">This article is about the Dublinbikes. I'm sure you've all used the Velo'v in Lyon. This is an environmentally friendly means of transport. But there is a problem : it’s losing money for the city. In fact, the subscriptions are inexpensive and there is a lot of stations in the city. In Dublin, there is 1500 bikes and 101 stations and it can’t expand the network because it become too expensive for residents on lower incomes. And you, do you use public bicycles ? Would you be willing to pay more for a subscription to a more developed network ?

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">https://www.theguardian.com/environment/bike-blog/2016/nov/02/dublin-bike-share-scheme-faces-funding-crisis


 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Comment about Sibylle's article by Mathilde **

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">We all know that smoking is bad for health. But this article goes further. I am impressed by the number of DNA mutations that can cause tobacco. This means that a person who smoked "only" one year in his life has accumulated genetic mutations and can get a cancer just like someone smoking for 10 years. There are not only the organs linked to tobacco which are affected but also others such as the bladder. It makes you think before starting to smoke ...


 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Posted on 5th November by Mathilde **

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Hi everybody, as you all know, the US elections are this Tuesday, the 8th November ! I have chosen an article about "All you need to know" on BBC on line. All is in the title : this article deals with the working of elections and how did we end up with Donald Trump and Hillary Clinton. A video named "How did we end up with two such unpopular candidates?" completes this article and explains the process with drawings.

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">http://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-35356941


 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Comment about Mathilde's article by Lucie **

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Your article is interessant and in the current climate of course ! We have to be aware about how are run the american's election because it's going to affect us as well. Indeed I found this application which give you the opportunity to vote ! Check that : <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">[]


 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Comment about Lucie's comment by Mathilde **

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Thanks Lucie ! This application is quite interesting ! This article remains us that elections will affect all the world. I am eager to know who will be the next president of the United States. I am little bit afraid too ... We just have to wait !


 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Comment about Sibylle's article by Anais **

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">I don't smoke but lot of my friends or family members do, so I am concerned about their health but also mine because of passive smoking. As Mathilde said, we all know that smoking is dangerous for health, but for others health too. I know aged people who have smoked all their life and are in very good health, in the orther hand other don't smoke, do sport and eat balanced and get sick. Human's body is complex and hard to understand, that why scientist researches are important and interesting.


 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Posted on 7th November by Paul **

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Hi ! This video highlights the vision of both sides about the Cyprus conflicting situation. Enjoy ! <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">[]

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Good evening everyone ! Noor and I (Paul) have a suggestion to make. We propose to choose a topic every week that we study quikly at home through news so as to debate about it the following week. This may participate to the interactivity of the course. It will also force us to support, just the time of the debate, ideas that are not usually ours. It might help us to leave our predjugments. In our opinion, it will be more usefull than just a comment about a post. <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Tell us what you think about this, if you have any suggestion. <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Kindly, Paul
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">VERY IMPORTANT !!!! : **


 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Posted on 10th November by Megan **

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">I agree with your suggestion Paul. Moreover, I put forward the debate about the US elections' issue like our first topic. You can find a big article from the BBC News about this subject below. According to me, I'm really affraid of the consequences resulting from Donald Trump's victory. I'm fearing hours of darkness for freedom, economy and peace.

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">http://www.bbc.com/news/election-us-2016-37932231


 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Posted on the 11th November by Mathilde **

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">I agree with Paul and Noor too ! Like Megan, i'm afraid of the consequences resulting from Trump's victory. I have found an article about the Donald's mandate that promises to be a climate disaster as climate scientists say...

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2016/nov/11/trump-presidency-a-disaster-for-the-planet-climate-change


 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Posted on 11th November by Omar **

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">As you already know Trump win the election, I still can not understand how this happened. How american can elect a person who think like that (see the link). <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">The united states will close on themselves and send all the Muslims home? What a disaster the world will undergo (World War, economic crisis ...)? What do you think about the new president of USA ?

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">http://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-34903577


 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Posted on 11th November by Lucie **

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Evening everyone, <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">I agree with Noor & Paul's proposition ! <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">This week I chose the front page of the __Daily Mirror__ which expressed the feeling about Trump's election last Tuesday. I thought the picture well reflects what a lot of people think. As Omar said, I neither understand what happened and I can't imagine what's next ? Civil war in the USA ? Increase of extremes parties all over the world ?

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">http://www.courrierinternational.com/sites/ci_master/files/styles/image_original_2048/public/assets/images/mirror.750_2_0.jpg?itok=dH2p48Cg


 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Comment on Lucie's post by Omar (13th November) **

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">This picture say a lot of what's american do by electing Trump as president of the most powerfull country. We don't know what can happen, but all what we can do it's pray that Trump's mandate will spend whitout much mishap.

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Omar.


 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Posted on the 11th November by Anais **

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Hi everyone, like you said, Trump won the election. The Guardian shows in this article that lot of americans are protesting in the street against their new president. In one hand I understand their feeling, even if more citizens have chosen Clinton, more great voters made Trump won. They probably feel betrayed by their owns compatriots. In the other hand, this is their system, that is how it works. Now they just can move forward and expect that Trump will not do every things he had said during the campaign.

<span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">[]


 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Poster on the 11th November by Elise **

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Hi, Noor and Paul, I agree with your suggestion too ! <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Here, it's an article which explain election night in New York. Even if the first results were not favorable for Hilary, there was no reason to despair since opinion polls had clearly indicated that Clinton would earn the magical 270 electoral votes needed to take the presidency. No New-Yorkers was prepared for the shocker to come. By 2.30 am New York time, when Trump arrived at the Hilton Hotel to deliver his victory speech, downtown Manhattan was empty.. What is it going to take place in the United States? Is this election going to have impacts on the world, Europe?

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">http://www.france24.com/en/20161109-usa-donald-trump-victory-sends-new-york-city-bed


 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Posted on 12th November by Noor **

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Thank you for suggesting a topic Megan. Here is an article from Independant which gives an interesting view on Donald Trump's victory, coming from Vladmir Putin's closest advisors. In these controversial US elections, in my opinion, neither of the two candidates was ideal and even if Clinton had won, I don't think it would have been much better if we look at it in a more general and objective way.

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/us-elections/world-war-three-donald-trump-president-averted-putin-aide-claims-a7412111.html


 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Posted on 13th November by Paul **

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Hi ! Here is an article explaining why Trump has been elected. It may help us to open the debate and understand why a big part of US citizen has voted for him.From my point of view, the election of Trump may be a disaster but the one of Clinton would not be a solution either.

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">http://www.forbes.com/sites/daviddavenport/2015/09/02/whats-so-good-about-donald-trump/#6942c40e37dd


 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Posted on 13th November by Thibault **

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Hi ! I agree with Noor and Paul that talking about a subject every week could be very interesting. <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Here is an article about the Trump election. It deals with one of his projects which is to construct a wall between the US and Mexico. That's a crazy idea and he also want to deport or jail all the undocumented migrants in the US. This represents nearly 3 millions people... <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">I'm, like Elise, afraid that the future decisions of Trump will affect the entire world.

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Here is the article from the front page of the BBC website : <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">http://www.bbc.com/news/election-us-2016-37969112

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">I do not know what M.Trump was taught at home and at school. But nowadays, everyone is aware of the climate threat. Maybe because he is from the old generation he can't believe that there is a global warming and it could destroy the Earth. Maybe he could just google it. Maybe he doesn't care about it but for a President it's a big problem. I hope he will have some good advisers to safe us. In case of, here is a nasa's website who gives evidences of global warming. <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">http://climate.nasa.gov/evidence/
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Comment on Mathilde's post by Megan (13th November) **


 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Posted on 13th November by Sibylle **

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Hi everybody, I put an article about wrong polls of USA election. Finally, data systems have their limits. Many Americans don't understand that Trump won election but are they all honest ? I think many people didn't dare to tell the thruth that they wanted to vote Trump. It is overwhelming to know that the bigger nation is lead by a crazy man like Trump. USA are responsible of the rest of the world. We are really in the trouble.

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">http://www.nytimes.com/2016/11/09/business/media/media-trump-clinton.html?ref=media


 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Comment on Noor and Paul's posts by Sibylle **

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">I agree with you that Clinton is not the perfect candidate but it would have been better if she had won because she's not a racist, mysogine and doesn't feel higher than other people. Trump is a disaster


 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Comment on Sibylle's comment by Noor **

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">I agree that Trump is a major disaster, and no one can equal him in that. However, I believe Clinton just 'appears' to be relatively fair, and to be honest, I don't know whether she would have been that much better than Trump. Maybe concerning some points such as climate change and the migrant's issue, but we should keep in mind that the major and fundamental policies of the USA were and will remain the same whether the president is Trump or Clinton or any third person. They don't have a major hand in the policies of the country which are obviously made by others in the state. It is true that whatever happens in the USA unfortunately automatically impacts the whole of the world, but I think it is high time that other nations started getting less dependent on the USA and dissociating themselves from their self-serving politics as well as learning to take a stand for themselves.


 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Comment on Noor comment by Anais (13th November) **

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">In one hand, I agree with your point of view. Trump hasn't got that power that we think he has, think to the senators wich have great role in American policy. In the other hand, what annoys me is the fact that we can put someone with no respect for anybody at such a position. Moreover, with its history and culture, America is still an "immigration" country, and for lot of subject such as gender equality, it is a pioneer. Lots of people think about present and always forget the past.


 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Posted on 18th November by Omar **

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Last week, germany authorities undertook a massive operation targeting an influencial radical islamist organization named « The True Religion ». And I found it interesting to share this news with you cause despite the importance of the event I have not heard about it in everyday life in France. I find that the intervention of the German authorities is justified in view of the evidence found against that organization. What do you think about this article?

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">http://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-37985011

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Omar


 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Comment on Omar's article by Mathilde **

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">I find this action legitimate and important to eradicate the ismalic state. Unfortunately, today we must fight terrorism by all means. Even if this has broken the network, the means of radicalization are numerous. We must fight terrorism on all sides. It is good that the Germans don't amalgamate with Islam. I think that if all the world planned a big operation against terrorism and islamist organisations, the network could be destroyed or really weakened. We are stronger together !


 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Posted by Lucie on 18th November **

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">http://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/for-this-somali-refugee-the-path-to-america-was-long-and-arduous_us_582a513de4b0aefddf154738?section=us_video

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">This a video interview of a Somali refugee. She tells how she reached America and how was it difficult. A testimony such as this one lead to think about all the migrants problem we face up in Europe and to remember that people who have to fleed in order to save their life are human being. It seems normal, a duty, that we have to make an effort to welcome them. As the woman says in the video : " Everyone deserves to have a good life ".

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Have a nice week end,

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Lucie


 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Comment on Lucie's post by Omar ( On 20th November ) **

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">It hurts to see people suffer as much, for things she did not ask for. But what you can see, it's does not matter the country where refugees go, they are mistreated. <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">The host countries are not ready to welcome as many people in case of problems and this make sad.

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Omar


 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Comment on Lucie's post by Sibylle **

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">This woman is very lucky to have find a good life in the USA, it's not the same path for all refugees who are coming to the USA and to others countries. Most of them, don't find a job and haven't an easy life. I agree with Omar about his last sentence but it seems normal that a country doesn't accept all refugees, because it can't save all people but it already participate in a step.


 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Posted on the 19th November by Mathilde **

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">The three astronauts, french Thomas Pesquet, american Peggy Whitson and russian Oleg Novitsky, took off Thursday night from the Baikonur cosmodrome aboard the Soyuz launcher. They are now in orbit and float in space. The capsule will now spin around the Earth for two days before joining the International Space Station (ISS) where they will spend the next six months.

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">https://www.myscience.org/wire/proxima_mission_begins-2016-ESA


 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Posted on the 19th November by Elise **

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">In France, on last Sunday marked the first anniversary of the Paris attacks which have killed 130 people. One ceremony took place outside the Bataclan and the names of those killed at the concert were read out as hundreds of people gathered under rainy skies watched in silence. Rock star Sting reopened the refurbished Bataclan with an emotionally charged show on Saturday. Would you be willing to see a concert at the Bataclan ? Do you think that France is still under the terrorist threat?

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">http://www.france24.com/en/20161113-france-paris-marks-first-anniversary-november-13-paris-attacks-bataclan-belle-equipe-carill


 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Posted on the 19th November by Sibylle **

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Few days ago, it was the "terrorist attacks birthday". One year after terrorist attacks on the Bataclan's stage, the concert hall re-open his doors with Sting group. This concert promoted the historic music theater and the remembrance of people who lost their life. All revenues of this concert was gave to victims attacks. Many other concerts are planned. I think it is a really good thing to not live in the past and to move on.

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">http://www.france24.com/en/20161104-paris-bataclan-sting-concert-terrorist-attacks-anniversary


 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Posted on the 20th November by Anais **

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">The article I chose is linked to the debate on the demolishment of Calais jungle. It shows that some young refugees have been forced into unpaid work after they were sent to a reception centre. In fact, the children worked under the fear that refusing to do so would decrease the chances to go to the UK. I'm horrified that we enjoy their situation to make profit and completely forget our laws and the children safety. This article also highlights the fact that those children might escape somewhere else and could be in danger. Like we said during the debate, autorities destroyed the "jungle" but this is not a good solution, especially if they don't take care of this people.

<span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">[]


 * <span style="font-family: -apple-system-font,serif; font-size: 9pt;">Comment on Anaïs’ article by Elise **

<span style="font-family: -apple-system-font,serif; font-size: 9pt;">I really appreciate your article. Indeed, it allows us to continue the debate that we may have had in class. Indeed, the dismantling of the Jungle was certainly not a good solution. I am really surprised to learn that children are forced to work for nothing. As you say, it’s a terrible situation. I have been able to read several articles which speak of the problem of reception centers in which refugees have been placed. The majority of migrants want to reach England and flee the centers. So no one knows where they are.. I think it's a big problem that is not yet resolved.


 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Comment on Sibylle's article by Anais (20th November) **

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Like you, I think it's important to move forward and not be stuck in fear. But we also have to remember what happened and why. ISIS and co have a great influence on young people, especially thanks to internet, and have lot of means they shouldn't have. I am glad we commemorate the victims, more over people from differents countries did that and supported us last year. Like Mathilde said on her comment about Omar's article, we are stronger together, our gouvernement should learn that.


 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Posted on the 20th November by Thibault **

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">This is an article about an annoucement made by the English crown. Buckingham Palace is going to be renovated and it will cost more thant 369 millions of pounds, partly funded by the taxpayer. Even if this monument really need to be renovated ,because of serious problems that can present a fire risk, not everyone in the UK agree with this plan. A lot of angry reactions have been seen in Twitter, a lot of them are about the econimical situation of the UK. However, it's an important plan for the crown to open it up more to tourists and to have a better image towards other governments that meet the queen.

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">http://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/entry/buckingham-palace-renovations_uk_582ef46ee4b0b8f77010d067?utm_hp_ref=uk-news

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">PS : Here is a video about going to Mars i found on youtube. There is a part of this video (from 9 min 10s) in which they answer a question you asked me during my presentation : What kind of people should we be sending to Mars ? Enjoy the video ! <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zZVAP2P_N2E&list=PL3DDq-Xo97CqX83ZgyOPDjnnccfVceZXg


 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Comment on Elise's article by Thibault (20th November) **

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">I think that it's very important not to forget those victims but we need to continue the concerts in the Bataclan. I think that it would be a victory for the terrorists if we close the Bataclan. But France is still under a terrorist attack and we need to be vigilant more than ever...


 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Posted on the 20th November by Robinson **

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">This article deals with civilian trauma after a terrorist attack. Doctors who work on cities havn't the same experience than those who work with soliders.If there is an attack in a big city, doctors know how to deal with injuries (physical or psychological), but what will happen if terrorists strike a smaller town ? <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Should we train all the medical corps to these kind of trauma ? In this article, doctors think they have an other solution ...

<span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">[|www.nytimes.com/2016/11/17/well/live/military-medicine-doctors-lessons-from-the-battlefield.html]

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">This article is very interesting. It deals with a subject that i was not aware of. I agree doctors have to work in both situation. On an other hand it show that nowadays, the boundary between civilian and military lives is not so clear....
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Comment on Robinson's article by Paul (21th November) **


 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Posted on 20th November by Noor **

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Here is an article which talks about the expansion of the ISIS and their so-called 'jihad' in South East Asia as they loose their battle in the Middle East(Iraq and Syria). However, even if it is reassuring to see that they are loosing control in Iraq and Syria, it is still very troubling to see their smooth and undetected expansion in other countries throughout the world. They are like a many headed monster, you cut one off and another one springs up from elsewhere. Just like everyone has said, being united against such threats is the only possible way out of this mess.

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">http://www.aljazeera.com/indepth/opinion/2016/07/returning-jihad-isil-southeast-asia-160710061109667.html

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Here is a pretty interesting article giving a foreign vision of our political system. A lot of frenches criticized american electoral system, but is our system better ? Can we know the name of our next president before the election ? <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">[]
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Posted on 21th November by Paul **


 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Posted on 25th November by Megan **

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">You can find some pictures of North Korean prison camps (or kwanliso) in the following link. We can see from space the vastness of those industrial sites. I find it realy interesting because prisoners are working during their carceral period and not just waiting for their release. People in jail are fed and housed for free because all of those services are paid by taxes. Actually, we pay for them. In consequence, I think they should work for the society in return. And because we have less and less farmers, they could farm for example. What do you thin kabout this ? Is it normal that society take care of prisonners for free ? <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">On the other side, linving conditions in kwanliso are horrible and no one deserve it. It's just barbaric treatments.

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">http://news.sky.com/story/satellite-images-reveal-industrial-scale-of-north-korean-prison-camps-10669789


 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Comment on Megan's post by Omar (25th November) **

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">I think it's good idea to make work the prisoners, that could be help them for social insertion and that help them to learn new profession by forming them. That's a good point for both side. For the society by making prisoners work and for prisoners by learning them a new job that could be help them in they futur life after jail.


 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Comment on Paul's post by Megan (25th November) **

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">I don't think that our system is better, Idon't thin kany actual existing system is better or worth. Those are just different in their way. I can't tell you who's the next president but I can already tell you who won't be president. All those who are not by the right or by the left such as every five years.


 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Posted on the 25th November by Mathilde **

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">The fourth Friday in November has been a fixture in the US for decades. It is the day after Thanksgiving, when shops try to tempt people with big discounts before the Christmas period. France has also adopted Black Friday ! It boosts sales on this day. Expenditures are estimated for this day at £ 2,313,760 per minute. Unfortunately, fights take place between customers for the best item. So, I have decided to share with you an article from The Huffington Post. It suggests 6 alternatives to Black Friday.

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">http://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/entry/black-friday-giving-good-things_uk_58380eb7e4b0b60ceeaa1c3f?utm_hp_ref=uk-news

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Good reading and have a nice Black Friday :)


 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Comment on Mathilde's article by Elise (27th November) **

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">I appreciate this article very much. Indeed, for some years the Black Friday have appeared in France. The discounts are interesting as this is the beginning of the Christmas gift purchase period. Last year, during this weekend I bought many things in reduction. This article show the things that we can do instead of sharpening us elbows. For shopaholics, I think these alternatives will not be chosen. I find this article shows that there are many more important things than fighting to seek the best discounts. I really like the argument : « visit a relative you’ve not see in ages »


 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Comment on Mathilde's article by Sibylle **

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">I didn't know the Black Friday before this year. I think it's just a consomation day. People buy more because it's less expensive but finally spend more.


 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Posted on 25th November by Omar **

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">I am moved by this video about the flames that ravaged the city of haïfa in isreal and i specialy moved by the composition of the crew who have left to help isreal. The crew is composed by Russian, Turkish, US and **Palestinian**. Despite the conflicts binder palestinian and Isrealian, the palestinian helped their ennemies.

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">http://www.bbc.com/news/video_and_audio/headlines/38109976

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Omar Indeed it's really heart-piercing to see how some human can overtake their rivalry to help each other. Whereas, obviously, that will not solve the conflict that will continue as long as the Palestinians will be despossessed of their land.
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Comment on Omar's article by Paul **


 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Posted on 25th November by Lucie **

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">http://www.france24.com/en/20161125-video-women-endure-violence-alarming-global-scale-united-nations

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">This is a short video shows interesting and alarming figures about violences against women. As a women I think this facts are frightening and it is good that people stand against these acts of violence.


 * <span style="font-family: -apple-system-font,serif; font-size: 9pt;">Posted on the 25th November by Elise **

<span style="font-family: -apple-system-font,serif; font-size: 9pt;">Last Sunday, François Fillon won the first round of the primary election, garnering 44% of votes cast. Alain Juppé finished distant a distant second with 29 % support. They are together qualifying for the run-off. <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Late Thursday, they clashed over multiculturalism and foreign policy in a TV debate three days ahead of the country’s conservative presidential primary run-off. On Sunday, French will vote for the second round of the primary elections. Do you watch the TV debate ? Are you going to vote on Sunday ?

<span style="font-family: -apple-system-font,serif; font-size: 9pt;">http://www.france24.com/en/20161124-france-conservative-primary-debate-juppe-fillon

<span style="font-family: -apple-system-font,serif; font-size: 9.5pt;">Yesterday, Fidel castro died aged 90 years. In 2006, Fidel Castro developed an intestinal ailment which is a fatal health. That's why two years later, Raul Castro, his young brother took the power. Yesterday, it was the end of the cuban revolutionary icon who ruled Cuba during 50 years ! In the USA, hundred of people are celebrating Castro's death, most of them are refugees who had escaped the castro's communism system.
 * <span style="font-family: -apple-system-font,serif; font-size: 9.5pt;">Posted on 26th November by Sibylle **

<span style="font-family: -apple-system-font,serif; font-size: 9pt;"> http://www.france24.com/en/20161126-live-world-reacts-death-cuba-leader-fidel-castro-death


 * <span style="font-family: -apple-system-font,serif; font-size: 9pt;">Comment on Omar's article by Lucie **

<span style="font-family: -apple-system-font,serif; font-size: 9pt;">It is good to see that sometimes people put conflicts aside in order to help each other !

<span style="font-family: -apple-system-font,serif; font-size: 9pt;"> **Posted on 27th November by Thibault**

<span style="font-family: -apple-system-font,serif; font-size: 9pt;"> Here is an interesting article about a project that will be voted by the end of the year in the UK. They want to give the possibility of paying to keep the EU citizenship after the Brexit. It will be a difficult thing because they need the approval of the English and Scottish Parliament to make this project. I think that it's a good idea to let choose the UK citizens.

<span style="font-family: -apple-system-font,serif; font-size: 9pt;"> http://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/entry/eu-citizenship-payment-could-be-option-after-brexit-under-new-proposals_uk_58398b17e4b0ddedcf5cff5b?utm_hp_ref=uk

<span style="font-family: -apple-system-font,serif; font-size: 9pt;"> **Comment on Omar's article by Thibault**

<span style="font-family: -apple-system-font,serif; font-size: 9pt;"> I agree with Omar and Lucie that it is good to see that countries can help each other when they are in need. Such acts are a good thing to see in the middle of all the conflicts.


 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10.5pt;">Posted on 27th November by Anais **

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Hi everyone, this time I have chosen an article about experiences of teaching. The teacher who wrote the article tell us about his work in London and in East Africa. For him, it's a real bless to work in Africa even if he works in the most under-ressourced school he has ever seen. There, the administration is not a great part of his schedule, so he can focuses on his pupils. He says that the student progress are impressive and he is no more stressed. I find it interesting because we could think at first look that those schools are hope less because they work in poor conditions but it's not the case. Maybe we should learn to spend less time on administration and meeting and more on real work.

<span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10.5pt;">[]


 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10.5pt;">Comment on Lucie's video by Anais (27th November) **

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">I find this video very interesting, especially the numbers. With that, we can really understand the scope of this disaster. This video also shows the affect on different part of the world, which is essential, it's happening every where. May be it could has shown more facts about violence against men to prove that they are also victims sometimes.


 * Posted on 27th November by Dorian**

Going with Lucie's post about violence against women, here is a extract of a moroccan state TV show showing how women can hide their bruises thanks to make-up. Even though the rights and condition of women have been improving in Morocco during the last decades, seeing this kind video makes us remember that some bad customs aren't completly gone.

https://www.theguardian.com/society/2016/nov/27/moroccan-state-tv-shows-women-how-to-hide-domestic-violence

Here is a pretty interesting video about a muslim habit. We often give our opinion about women who wear the hijab but what do they really think about it ? Are they really slaves ?
 * Posted on 28th November by Paul**

http://www.bbc.com/news/video_and_audio/headlines/38123659


 * Posted on 28th November by Noor**

I am sharing this article which talks about the US's and Russia's relationship in the aftermath of Trump's victory and what it will mean for Snowden who is currently residing in Russia. Will the improved relationship between Trump and Putin result into Russia handing over Snowden? Will he still face charges?

http://www.aljazeera.com/indepth/opinion/2016/11/161127140817720.html


 * Comment on Paul's post by Noor**

We finally get to see the real side to the 'hijabi dilemma', another one of those points which is severely stereotyped and misjudged by the grand majority of the people who don't really understand the reasons behind wearing the hijab and the fact that for the majority of the women who wear it, it is a choice which allows them to feel free rather than something imposed upon them by men and which 'enslaves' or 'oppresses' them. I think every person has a different meaning and version of freedom and we shouldn't define somebody's will to cover themselves as 'enslavement'.

She didn't say why is she feeling freer with her hijab. I think it's an education question. Someone learnt her that she could have freedom with those clothes. Actually, no one is free because every one is suggestible. I believe it is sad that someone is feeling obliged to hide his body to be safe, or free. But has she really chosen ? Or her religion/society did it for her ?
 * Comment on Paul's post by Megan (30th November)**


 * Posted on 30th November by Megan**

Last week we talked about positive news. I find this article about a man who decided to help children to have a better future after the orphanage. He just gave them a second chance, a way to get skills. That remains us that everyone is able to do something even if you are a broken or a poor person. That brings me hope and faith in the humanity. That's my definition of a positive news. And you, what have you done to help your fellow man ?

http://edition.cnn.com/2016/10/26/americas/andy-stein-orphaned-starfish/index.html


 * Posted on the 2nd December by Elise**

Last Thursday, François Hollande, the french president announced that he would not seek a second term in next year’s presidential election, a surprise move that clears the way for an alternative left-wing candidate. In fact, it is the first time since France’s fifth republic was created in 1958 that an incumbent French president has not sought re-election. Hollande is the most unpopular president in French polling history. Are you surprise by this news ? Do you think it's a good thing ?

http://www.france24.com/en/20161202-love-life-scandal-terror-attacks-defining-moments-hollande-reelection-presidency **Posted on the 2nd December by Lucie** This is an article from a Syrian in Aleppo who talks about how is the life there. For us it may seems like an action movie but for them there is no happing ending. http://observers.france24.com/en/20161202-descent-hell-eyewitness-account-life-east-aleppo
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">Posted on 3rd December by Anais **

<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">This article is about what could be our next energy resource, at least in the future. Our problem is to produce lot of energy without creating toxic wastes. The nuclear fusion is a good solution. Contrary to the nuclear fission, it doesn't produce any nuclear wastes (which is now a problem because of stockage) and it's safe (think to Chernobyl and Fukushima's disasters). The nuclear plant is still in construction and it will not be over soon. The cost is also very important but lots of countries are associated to make this project a success. I hope it will works some day so we can have energy without polluting our planet.

<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">[]


 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">Posted on 2rd December by Thibault **

<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">This is an article i found on the Huffington Post. It deals with the project of big cities, Paris, Mexico, Madrid and Athens which are going to ban diesel vehicles by 2025. This decision has been taken in a meeting about the climate in Mexico which took place between the 30 of November and today. I think that It's a great effort for the planet but it will be very complicated to do such a thing because a lot of citizens use these types of vehicle every day. These cities plan to build infrastructures in order to encourage people to take their bikes. Do you think that it's achievable ? Don't you think that it will create a lot of trouble for the workers of those cities ?

http://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/entry/cities-ban-diesel-vehicles-cars_uk_5841476de4b00b318b0f6b8c?ir=UK+Tech&utm_hp_ref=uk-tech

**Comment on Thibault's post by Omar (4th December)**
I think that it's impossible to ban diesel vehicles but it's possible to prohibit the sale of diesel vehicles. All peasant vehicle and many car uses diesel and i don't think they are ready to abandon their vehicle without consideration and there will always be people who despite all the restrictions will not want to separate themselves from their vehicles. I hope that this law will succeed because vehicles that consume diesel are among the biggest cause of global warming and air pollution, particularly in the largest cities.


 * Comment on Thibault's post by Sibylle (4th december)**

I agree with Omar that it's impossible to ban diesel vehicles above all big city like Paris, Mexico, Madrid and Athens. People need to use their cars when they work far. Moreover, I think this kind a law canno't to be done if there aren't solution suggested. But we have to continue to be hopeful for this project.

** Posted on the 3rd December by Omar **
Hi everybody,I saw this video on washigtonpost about the decision of Francois Hollande to not represent to presidential election and i am surprised by this. Why do you think Hollande would not represent to presidential election?

Enjoy watching, https://www.washingtonpost.com/video/world/french-president-francois-hollande-will-not-seek-reelection-what-happens-now/2016/12/01/6a365302-b80a-11e6-939c-91749443c5e5_video.html

 * Comment on Omar’s post by Elise (4th December) **

I think everyone was surprised by this announcement by François Hollande. In fact, it’s the first time that an incumbent French president has not sought re-election. I think that during his entire mandate, the president suffered severe hardships. Since January 238 people have been killed in a series of jihadist attacks. He had a tumultuous private life with Valerie Trierweiler, Julie Gayet and Segolene Royal. They are other times which defining his mandate : violent labour protests, foreign wars,gay marriage, row over French nationality. So I think he arrived in a difficult period. As he is the most unpopular president I think he prefer to waive a new mandate. Maybe he is afraid to be humiliated.


 * Comment on Omar's post by Mathilde : **

According to me (and I think, most of the french population), François Hollande hasn't kept his promises. With him, the France has plunged, is worst. I think he knows that he has no chance to win the elections. So, he prefers leaving the head up and not being humiliated one more time.

**Posted on 4th December by Noor**
Here is a really interesting article on the indigenous people of Indonesia. It is heart wrenching to see that they are discouraged and even punished for continuing to live in their traditional ways and keeping their pagan religion. I personally love reading and learning about indigenous people from around the world and their ways of living in the forest, which I find extremely beautiful, interesting and educational. To wipe out these people and their traditional ways and forcing them into being like the rest of the population is sad and, in my opinion, a great loss of precious and valuable History, and in a way, of nature itself.

http://www.nytimes.com/2016/12/02/world/asia/modern-world-tugs-at-an-indonesian-tribe-clinging-to-its-ancient-ways.html?ref=world


 * Comment on Thibault post by Lucie**

This is a very good decision. I agree that it will be very difficult to ban people cars but may be it could start by avoid motor vehicles in some parts of the city. But cities have to offer good alternatives to citizen in order that everyone keep their way of life ! Future have to evolve in this way and we are the generation which have to find alternatives and make the change.


 * Posted on the 4th December by Sibylle**

This article speak about a magic mushroom research to decrease anxiety and depression which are caused by cancer. Many scientists lead some of trials involving 80 people to study the effect of the drug. The half of them take placebo drug and the other half the right product. The outcome is that placebo product doesn't change anything of their anxiety and depression, while the result of real drug is really benefit. People are less scared, accept more easily their death, become optimist and have a better quality of life. Other assessment have to be realize on bigger cancer population. I'm glad to see maybe one day, People who are affected cancer disease can to die more quietly and peaceful.

https://www.newscientist.com/article/2114789-magic-mushroom-drug-helps-people-with-cancer-face-death/


 * Posted on the 4th December by Mathilde**

Today, I share with you an article from BBC. I heard about this information on TV and was very surprised. This is the crash of a plane carrying a Brazilian football team in Colombia. It seems he ran out of fuel. Nowadays, I find it inconceivable. The investigation is open!

Http://www.bbc.com/news/world-latin-america-38165757//

//**Posted on the 4th December by Robinson**//

//This article deals with searching information on Google. Officially, the objective of this company is to "organise the world’s information and make it universally accessible and useful".But the problem is that Google is also sharing fake news. For example if you type "women are evil", the first page willshow us 10 website that prove this theory.// //Indeed, this search is proposed by Google just by typing "women" in the search bar.There are lot of other examples, and scientists think search results can influence our mind...//

//[]//

//**Comment on Robinson's article by Paul (5th December)**//

//I'm not sure the problem is that google make available fakes. It's sure google influence our mind such as every media does. If we begin to select only "true" information, it would lead to the destruction of the freedom of expression. Who can tell someone else he is wrong ? Having many opinion on a subject (even if it says that women are evil) is the best way to have a debate. The important thing is to learn to deal with this amount of information and to have our proper opinion by studying different points of view. Young generation (and many of our generation) nead to learn how to use that sort of tool.// //Maybe what we can critisize is that the first pages apeering on google are those of who pay the most...//

//**Comment on Robinson's article by Anais (4th December)**//

//I found your article very interesting and quite disturbing too. I usually use google to search lot of things and didn't know we can be manipulated or like. So every one can create a website on the internet, it's freedom, and google creates a link with headlines. I think you know that you can pay google to have your website first on the list, which breaks a little this freedom world and again, the richs are on the top. So are we manipulated by the rich ? Can google find a solution to maybe select the websites it shows ?//

//**Comment on Mathilde's article by Thibault**//

//I also heard this new and this is terrible for the football team...Some famous footballers such as Ronaldhinho are ready to play for free for this team. This is very nice of them and it'll probably help the team morally.//

//**Posted on the 5th December by Paul**//

//Look at this beautiful idea ! Such as Megan's article, take a little breath by reading positiv news :)// //https://www.theguardian.com/world/2016/dec/01/madrid-robin-hood-homeless-cafe-charge-rich-feed-poor//

//**Comment about Paul's article by Sibylle (11th December)**//

//Your article defend same values than my post. I agree with Megan that everybody can act and help people who are in hardship situation. If you have motivation to do it you can ! the best example is Gandhi//

//**Posted on the 6th December by Megan**//

//The political situation of the world is currently moving a lot. Obama is leaving the US presidency, the UK has chosen the Brexit, Matteo Renzi (Italian's prime Minister) will resign and Italy is thinking about getting out of the Europe, and now John Key is resigning too after 10 years as the New Zealand's prime Minister. Those who're ruling the world are changing. What kind of world could we expect soon ? What do you think about the Europe dismantling and its economic consequences ?// //http://edition.cnn.com/2016/12/04/asia/new-zealand-john-key-resigns/index.html// //http://edition.cnn.com/2016/12/05/europe/italy-referendum-whats-next/index.html//

//**Comment about Paul's article by Megan (6th December)**// //Rich people aren't the only ones who can help the others. Even the poor people can help each others. Aster Yehayes is a political refugees who decided to become a healthcare assisstant after being imprisoned. She has escaped from Eritrea and has travelled to England. I think her behaviour is admirable. It reminds us that we can all do something to help, even if we have nothing.//

//https://www.theguardian.com/world/2016/oct/10/brits-helping-refugees-help-britain//

//**Posted on the 7th December by Tim**//

//For our next class (on 12th November) I would like you to agree (via this wiki) on one or two topics for discussion: Please suggest topics upto Friday midnight: Please "vote" on the suggestions before Sunday midnight.//

//Otherwise you should continue to post your own articles and comments.//

//Have a great week-end with the "fête de la lumière",//

//Tim//

//**Posted on the 8th December by Mathilde**//

//As you know, pollution is very present right now in big cities. In Paris, there has been a significant and worrying particulate matter in recent days. This is why an alternating circulation system has been set up in the capital. Tomorrow (Friday 9th), this same device will also be set up in Lyon and Villeurbanne. Only vehicles, whose license plate ends in an odd number, will be able to circulate.// //What do you think about this measure to reduce pollution? I heard that the SNCF has planned a strike that same day, in addition to the TCL strike.//

//http://www.france24.com/en/20161207-paris-winter-air-pollution-worst-10-years//

//__About the topic for the debate, i would stay on the same theme : Who is responsible for climate change? Who must act ?__//

//**Comment about Mathilde's post by Elise (9th December)**//

//Indeed pollution is very present in Lyon at the moment. On your article, pictures of Paris show well that measures must be taken to preserve the environment and reduce this peak of pollution. However, in Lyon and Villeurbanne the measure of alternate circulation imposed on Friday was not adapted. Indeed, public transport (TCL) and the SNCF were on strike that day. Thus, for people with even number plates, they had no other means of getting to their work for example. I think that measures should be taken but proposing alternatives to the users who must follow their prohibitions.//

//**Posted by Megan on 9th December**// //About monday's debate, we could speak about the LGBT community's rights ?//

//**Posted by Elise on the 9th December**//

// On December the 5th, the socialist French prime minister Manuel Valls set to announce that he will run for president in next year’s election. The announcement had been expected since the president, François Hollande, told the country four days ago that he would not seek a second term in office because he was unable to unite the country’s left.If Valls wins the PS nomination after January’s primary battle, he will face 62-year old Fillon and Le Pen and other lesser-known candidates in the presidential vote. Are you shocked by this announcement of Manuel Valls ? Will he be a good candidate for the presidential election ? //

http://www.france24.com/en/20161205-france-prime-minister-valls-set-announce-presidential-bid About Monday's debate, we could speak about the pollution pic. Like Mathilde, I would like to debate the peak of pollution that surrounds us today and propose different solutions to save the environment. //**Comment about Elise's post by Mathilde :**//

//In the circle of politics, everyone was waiting for his candidacy for the 2017 presidential election since François Hollande announced that he would not stand for it. Meanwhile, french interior minister Cazeneuve succeeds Valls as prime minister. According to the latest survey, he leads the favorites of the primary before Arnaud Montebourg.//

//**Posted by Lucie on 9th December**//

//As a post for this week I would like to share with you this article from __The New York Times__ about a book called __The Wrong Enemy__ wrote by Carlotta Gall (who is also a member of my family). She treats about the role of Pakistan in the Afghan war. Her analyse gives an other view of the problem and lead to understand why the United Sates intervention in Afghanistan was so disputable.// //I think that this war was one of the beginnig of a dark period which is continues today.// //If you have time I encourage you to read this book.//

//https://www.nytimes.com/2014/04/10/books/the-wrong-enemy-by-carlotta-gall.html?_r=0//

//For the topic of the debate I vote for the peak of pollution too.//

//Have a nice week end//

//**Posted by Sibylle on 10th December**//

//Today, I chose an article published by The Guardian which speak about solutions to recycle food. FoodCloud is a new application to retrieve surplus food in Ireland, people can give them food and wasted food of supermarket is saved. All this food is gave to charities. In fact they need 5 000 charities to be sure that all this food is distribute. It is a very good idea to link smartphone application and charity because for people it's more easier to make this kind of action thanks to an application. Moreover, many foods are thrown while a lot of people can't eat.//

//I think the peak of pollution is not a wide debate but I agree to debate about environment. What are biggest issues about climate change ? How can we handle it ? Are people ready to change their way of living ?//

//https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2016/dec/04/new-app-proves-a-nourishing-idea-for-wasted-food-foodcloud//

//**Comment about Sibylle's post by Omar :**//

//It's a very good initiative and I think everyone should download this app and use it to help people who need it. I had seen in a documentary the impressive amount of food that the supermarket throws into the trash because the expiry date is reached or nearly, but in a lot of case this food is always available to eat.//

//**Posted by Noor on 11th December**//

//I'd like to share this heart warming article about Joana Choumali, a photographer from Ivory Coast who chose to take pictures of young African ladies in their old traditional family clothing. I think it is a beautiful initiative to preserve these traditions which constitute the diversity of our world. Living in a world that is becoming more and more globalized, it is important to keep our cultural diversity alive and cherish our cultural heritage, languages and ways.//

//http://lens.blogs.nytimes.com/2016/03/02/joana-choumali-africa-ivory-coast-portrait-photos/?ref=africa&_r=0//

//For the discussion topic, I suggest talking about nuclear arms. Should the select few who possess them today opt for their destruction? Or are they necessary in today's world?//

//** Posted by Omar on 11th December **//

//I chose an article talking about the bombing who kills 38 persons and destroy a lot of families in Turkey. That it's very sad to see a lot of person die every day for no reason. That is remember me the bombing attack in Paris because it's a twin bomb attack outside a football stadium. The turkish government do a lot of effort to arrest the terrorist but apparently this is not enough to stop terrorists.//

//https://www.theguardian.com/world/2016/dec/10/bomb-outside-istanbul-football-stadium-causes-multiple-casualties//

//**Posted by Anais on 11th December**//

//Today, I choose a video and an article about Sweden success in recycle rubbish. Like the article title says, Sweden has no more rubbish to recycle, so they import it. In fact, they use their rubbish to create energy that will heat their homes. It's very impressive but some people say that they are just burning wastes while they could repare or reuse it. At the end of the article, you can see some pictures that show things which were smartly (and some time in a funny way) reusabled. One good point highlightedby the journalist is that Sweden has implemented a cohesive national recycling policy, whereas we have different policies by cities in France.//

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//**Comment about Sybille's article by Anais (11th December)**//

//Like Omar and you, I think that's a good idea. The use of new technologies is smart because people live with it and still use it. Not everyone can use this application because it will create a lot of change and therefore CO2 emissions. It is a good solution for wastes and people who are hungry.//

//**Posted on the 14th December by Mathilde**//

//Hi everyone, for a few days, we hear a lot about the war in Syria and especially what happens in Aleppo.// //The situation is catastrophic in the city. Civilians were gassed with chlorine last week and medical facilities in the city have been reduced to rubble. Have faced weeks of bombardment and chronic food and fuel shortages. Yesterday, buses were brought in for evacuations of rebel fighters and civilians from eastern Aleppo but have not been used because of heavy shelling in the Syrian city.//

//I found an article published by BBC that explains the situation in Aleppo and shows images before/after that are scary! Photos of civilians are also difficult to watch, including a boy who is victim of the war ...//

//http://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-38132163//

//**Posted on the 15th December by Elise**//

// On Wednesay, the Eiffel Tower closed for a second day due to a strike over salaries and working conditions. The strike comes as Paris is struggling to revive tourism after a string of deadly attacks and a year marred by floods, violent labour protests and polluted air. The tourists are disappointed because they can’t visit the most popular monument in Paris. Do you think this strike can have an impact on Parisian tourism? Do you have a solution to revive this tourism? //

http://www.france24.com/en/20161214-tourists-stranded-strike-closes-eiffel-tower-second-day-paris-france
 * Posted on the 16th December by Lucie**

http://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/national-geographic-transgender-cover_us_5852d77de4b054eeaea229c0

In accordance with next Monday's topic, here is a short article about transgender.
 * Comment about Lucie's article by Omar (16th December)**

It's a delicate subject cause transgender could be a choice or not :/. And i think it's a very difficult for a young shemale person to admit it chiefly a front of his/her friends and for the person who choice to be girl ( for a boy ) or boy ( for a girl ) it's not easier because the judgment of people is very hard towards them. **Comment about Lucie's article by Mathilde** It is fine that medias speak about the subject of trans. As we know, medias have an important influence on the world. They can provide a better understanding of the subject and the cause of the trans. They have the power to change the people way of thinking.
 * Posted on the 16th December by Thibault**

Here is an article about the Philippines president, Duterte. He admits that he killed three people personally and that he consumes drugs. He launched a drug war in his country that killed more than 6000 people already because he ordered to kill the drug dealer and consummers. Do you imagine having such a president in France ? How do you react to this ? Is there better solutions to solve the drug problem in the Philippines ? http://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-38337746


 * Posted on the 16th December by Omar **

Hello, Here is a really interesting article about the US election and the intervetion of Russia on it. The election of trump was It is really surprising that Russian President Vladimir Putin supervised his intelligence agencies’ hacking of the U.S. presidential election and turned it from a general attempt to discredit American democracy to an effort to help Donald Trump. US elections are the most « important » elections in the world and there is evidence that Russia tried to influence the election by hacking people and institutions. Indeed, somebody said that Putin was likely to have been aware of the cyber attacks. So there is a problem. On my mind, I think that every elections are rigged. very doubtful and the last events shows it well (Article). As we have seen, there is a good relationship between the Russian and American President and the accusations against russia are very serious and could explain the election of Trump.

http://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/russia-hack-helped-trump_us_5853e8ede4b0b3ddfd8c17ac **Comment on Omar's article by Elise (16th December)** It is really surprising that Russian President Vladimir Putin supervised his intelligence agencies’ hacking of the U.S. presidential election and turned it from a general attempt to discredit American democracy to an effort to help Donald Trump. US elections are the most « important » elections in the world and there is evidence that Russia tried to influence the election by hacking people and institutions. Indeed, somebody said that Putin was likely to have been aware of the cyber attacks. So there is a problem. On my mind, I think that every elections are rigged. //**Posted on the 16th December by Megan**//

//In order to complete Omar's article, here is another one in which Obama accused Poutin to be aware of the Russian cyber intrusion during the elections. It tells us that some other countries have also done political spying such as China, UK... A journalist find it normal and call it "modern day espionage". What do you think about it ? Is it normal to spy on ? Is it fair game ? Should Russia be punished or not ? And what about the other countries ?// //http://news.sky.com/story/president-putin-personally-involved-in-us-election-hacking-10697578//

//**Comment on Elise's article by Megan (16th December)**//

//The Eiffel Tower is only the fourth most cultural site visiting in Paris. Moreover, that's about ten millions visitors per year. That means about 170 millions euros at least per year so it will be a huge loss for France if we can't visit the Eiffel tower anymore. On the other hand, it's normal that the government is restricting people's access because of the pollution. Indeed, we must protect our health before our distractions.// //file:///C:/Users/Krist/Downloads/Enqu%C3%AAte%20de%20fr%C3%A9quentation%20culturelle%202015.pdf


 * Posted on the 18th December by Anais**

This article is about the legalisation of Marijuana. In some States, recreational use is currently legal and more than half of the 50 states now allow marijuana for medical use. So it's more and more legalized in the US. But one of the first States who made it legal want to warn the others about the children' safety. In fact, there are several cases of children admitted to hospital because of drugs, more because they didn't know what it was exactly. So, the Colorado made more regulations and more preventions. I know that the legalisation of Cannabis is also an issue in Europe, I hope we will learn from their mistakes if we choose to legalize it.

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 * Comment on Lucie's article by Anais (18th December)**

Like Omar said, it a delicate subject. Some people are very closed-minded and just don't accept differences. It's like the "théorie du genre" which made a huge debate last year. I think we shouldn't categorise people by what they wear or what they like, but I understand it can be difficult for some people to change their mind because they learn from the begining that pink is for girls and blue is for boys.


 * Posted on the 18th December by Robinson**

Did you know the legend of santa claus was Turkish ? This article deals with the old story of santa, before he became a comercial product. But nowadays, no one takes care about his origin story. Even in the village were the legend was born only a few people try to perpetuate the tradition. Indeed, the government of Turkey try to promote Ottoman history instead of Christian history.

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